Authors
Barbara Dix (CIRES), Alexander C. Bradley (CIRES), Fergus Mackenzie (BlueSky Resources, Boulder CO, 80309, USA), Joost de Gouw (CIRES)
Abstract
Quantifying emissions from oil and natural gas production is of interest to stakeholders and policymakers due to its impact on regional air quality and global climate. Here we present our recent analysis on VOC emissions from oil and natural gas production and current work, which aims to quantify methane emissions from the Denver-Julesburg basin.
Motivated by the question whether formaldehyde satellite observations from the TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) could be employed to constrain oil and gas VOC emissions, we utilized aircraft data, WRF-Chem modeling and 0-D simulations with the Master Chemical Mechanism to study formaldehyde over oil and gas production regions. Our analysis found that most formaldehyde observed during spring and summer is formed by the photooxidation of precursor VOCs. VOCs released from oil and gas activities are important precursors to formaldehyde, but other sources of VOCs contribute as well, and yields are highly sensitive to NOx. Estimates of primary formaldehyde emissions from oil and gas production activities are up to 2.2 kg h-1 in 2018.
Our methane study employs TROPOMI methane observations and the flux divergence technique to derive methane emissions over the Denver-Julesburg basin, where the collocation of agricultural and oil and gas operations present a challenge for source separation. We aim to address this issue by analyzing seasonal cycles and including TROPOMI derived NOx emissions as potential tracer for oil and gas related emissions. We also address the well-known bias of the TROPOMI operational methane retrieval on changing surface albedo by having developed a seasonal correction algorithm based on a deep transfer learning environment. We found that the types of crops grown in certain regions in Colorado and their seasonal changes leads to corrections of up to 6 ppb.